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The Best Preserved Byzantine Ruins in Turkey
Explore the finest examples of Byzantine architecture in Turkey. Below, we have highlighted the best preserved byzantine sites across the country.
Top Byzantine Sites in Turkey
Each site listed here has played a role in shaping the Byzantine world. The ruins offer insight into Byzantine engineering, daily life, and culture. For an interactive visual overview of all Byzantine sites in Turkey, please consult our Byzantine Sites Map above.
Explore the Best Preserved Byzantine Ruins in Turkey
Below is a categorized list of Byzantine sites that have detailed articles.
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| Title | Country | Type | Rating | Popularity | Excerpt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aphrodisias Ancient City | Turkey | City | 4.8 | Medium | Aphrodisias, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, showcases ancient Greek and Roman architecture and sculpture. |
| Aspendos: An Ancient City in Pamphylia, Türkiye | Turkey | City | 4.8 | High | Aspendos is an ancient city in southern Anatolia known for its continuous occupation from the Late Bronze Age through the Ottoman period. It features remarkable Roman architecture, including a well-p… |
| Ephesus Ancient City | Turkey | City | 4.8 | Very High | A detailed overview of the archaeological site of Ephesus, its history, and remains. |
| Hierapolis-Pamukkale: An Ancient Healing City and UNESCO World Heritage Site in Türkiye | Turkey | City | 4.8 | High | Hierapolis-Pamukkale is renowned for its unique combination of natural thermal springs and extensive archaeological remains, reflecting a continuous human presence from the Iron Age through the medie… |
| Kibyra Ancient City: A Historical and Archaeological Site in Türkiye | Turkey | City | 4.8 | Medium | Kibyra Ancient City, located on a volcanic plateau in Burdur Province, Türkiye, was a prominent urban center from the Hellenistic period through Late Antiquity. Its strategic position at the crossroa… |
| Laodicea Ancient City: A Historical Urban Center in Western Türkiye | Turkey | City | 4.8 | Medium | Laodicea Ancient City, located near modern Goncalı in Denizli province, Türkiye, was a prominent urban center from the Hellenistic through Ottoman periods. It played key roles in regional trade, reli… |
| Sagalassos Archaeological Site: An Ancient City in Southwestern Türkiye | Turkey | City | 4.8 | Medium | Sagalassos offers extensive archaeological evidence of continuous human occupation from the early Holocene through the medieval period, highlighting its development as a fortified urban center during… |
| Aizanoi: An Ancient City in Western Turkey with Rich Historical Legacy | Turkey | City | 4.7 | Medium | Aizanoi, located in western Turkey, showcases continuous habitation from the Early Bronze Age through the medieval period. Its archaeological remains reveal a city that evolved through Phrygian, Hell… |
| Anamurium Ancient City: A Historical Site in Turkey | Turkey | City | 4.7 | Medium | Anamurium Ancient City offers a glimpse into a coastal settlement that evolved from a Hellenistic port to a Roman city, reflecting layers of Mediterranean history and culture. |
| Dara: An Ancient Fortified City in Turkey | Turkey | City | 4.7 | Medium | Dara served as a strategic military stronghold and later a diverse agricultural village, reflecting its evolving role through Byzantine, Sasanian, and Ottoman periods. |
| Myra: An Ancient Lycian City in Turkey | Turkey | City | 4.7 | Medium | Myra, located in modern-day Demre, Turkey, was a thriving Lycian city known for its rich cultural heritage, religious significance, and role as a maritime hub. It offers valuable insights into ancien… |
| Pergamon Ancient City: A Multi-Period Archaeological Site in Western Turkey | Turkey | City | 4.7 | Medium | Pergamon Ancient City, located in modern Bergama, Turkey, offers a rich historical record from the Archaic through Byzantine periods. It was a prominent cultural and political center, especially unde… |
| Perge Ancient City: A Historical and Archaeological Site in Antalya, Türkiye | Turkey | City | 4.7 | Medium | Perge Ancient City, located near Antalya in Türkiye, showcases a continuous human presence from the Early Bronze Age through the Byzantine period. Its strategic position and rich archaeological remai… |
| Phaselis: An Ancient Maritime City on the Lycian Coast of Türkiye | Turkey | City | 4.7 | High | Phaselis was a coastal city founded by Rhodian Greeks in the late seventh century BCE, known for its three natural harbors and strategic location. It experienced diverse cultural influences through P… |
| Priene: An Ancient Ionian City in Western Turkey | Turkey | City | 4.7 | Medium | Priene was an ancient Ionian city known for its well-preserved Hellenistic urban planning, democratic institutions, and rich cultural heritage spanning from the Archaic through Byzantine periods. Its… |
| Sardis Ancient City: Capital of the Lydian Kingdom and Key Anatolian Center | Turkey | City | 4.7 | Medium | Sardis Ancient City, located in western Turkey, served as the capital of the Lydian kingdom and later as an important administrative and cultural center under Persian, Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzanti… |
| Side Ancient City | Turkey | City | 4.7 | Very High | Discover the rich history and remains of the ancient city of Side. |
| Stratonikeia: An Ancient City in Southwestern Turkey | Turkey | City | 4.7 | Medium | Stratonikeia, located in southwestern Turkey, was a prominent city from the Hellenistic through Byzantine periods. Its strategic position, extensive ruins, and rich archaeological record reveal its e… |
| Zerzevan Castle: A Byzantine Fortress in Modern Turkey | Turkey | Military | 4.7 | Low | Zerzevan Castle served as a military stronghold on the Byzantine Empire's eastern frontier, overseeing key trade routes and later evolving into a civilian settlement. Its remains offer insight into t… |
| Aigai (Aeolis): An Ancient Aeolian City in Modern Turkey | Turkey | City | 4.6 | Low | Aigai, founded by Aeolian Greeks, offers a glimpse into ancient urban life in northwest Anatolia, showcasing cultural resilience and architectural heritage through its Hellenistic and Roman phases. |
| Anavarza Ruins: A Historic Fortress and City in Cilicia, Southern Türkiye | Turkey | City | 4.6 | Low | The Anavarza Ruins represent a multi-period archaeological site that served as a strategic military stronghold, administrative center, and religious hub from the Hellenistic era through the Ottoman p… |
| Ardanuç Castle: A Historic Fortress in Turkey | Turkey | Military | 4.6 | Low | Ardanuç Castle, built by ancient Georgian rulers and later controlled by the Ottomans, served as a strategic stronghold and regional center with a rich history spanning from the 5th century through t… |
| Kaunos Ancient City: A Historical and Archaeological Site in Southwestern Türkiye | Turkey | City | 4.6 | Medium | Kaunos Ancient City, located on a rocky promontory near the Dalyan channel in southwestern Türkiye, offers extensive archaeological evidence of continuous occupation from the Late Bronze Age through … |
| Knidos Ancient City: A Maritime and Cultural Center in Turkey | Turkey | City | 4.6 | Medium | Knidos Ancient City, located on the Datça peninsula in Turkey, was a prominent maritime and cultural center from the Archaic Greek period through the Byzantine era. Its strategic coastal position fac… |
| Lefke Gate in İznik: A Roman-Byzantine City Entrance | Turkey | Military | 4.6 | Low | Lefke Gate in İznik, Turkey, offers a glimpse into the city's Roman and Byzantine past, serving as a key defensive structure and reflecting the area's historical urban development. |
| Miletus: An Ancient Ionian City on the Aegean Coast of Turkey | Turkey | City | 4.6 | Medium | Miletus was a prominent Ionian city-state known for its extensive maritime trade, colonization, and cultural influence from the Neolithic through Byzantine periods. Its strategic location at the mout… |
| Olympos Ancient City: A Lycian Coastal Settlement in Turkey | Turkey | City | 4.6 | High | Olympos Ancient City, located on the Lycian coast of southwestern Turkey, showcases continuous occupation from the Lycian period through Byzantine times. Its strategic coastal position fostered marit… |
| Patara Ancient City: A Lycian Coastal Center in Türkiye | Turkey | City | 4.6 | Medium | Patara Ancient City served as the capital of the Lycian League and a vital maritime port from the Lycian through Byzantine periods. Its strategic location at the mouth of the Xanthos River enabled po… |
| Pinara: An Ancient Lycian City in Turkey | Turkey | City | 4.6 | Low | Pinara is an ancient city founded by the Lycians in southwestern Anatolia, known for its unique rock formations, rich cultural heritage, and well-preserved ruins that reflect Lycian, Hellenistic, Rom… |
| Tripolis near Buldan: An Ancient City at the Crossroads of Lydia, Phrygia, and Caria | Turkey | City | 4.6 | Medium | Tripolis, located near modern Buldan in Turkey, was a vibrant city that played a key role in regional trade and culture from its founding by the Kingdom of Pergamon through Roman and Byzantine times.… |
| Uzuncaburç: An Ancient City in Southern Turkey | Turkey | City | 4.6 | Medium | Uzuncaburç is a city that evolved from a Hellenistic religious center to a Roman city and later a Christian bishopric, with ruins that reveal its layered history. |
| Assos Archaeological Site: An Ancient Coastal City in Western Türkiye | Turkey | City | 4.5 | Medium | The Assos Archaeological Site, located on a coastal headland in western Türkiye, reveals a continuous occupation from the Bronze Age through the Byzantine era. Known for its strategic maritime positi… |
| Castle of Kars: A Historic Fortress in Turkey | Turkey | Military | 4.5 | Medium | The Castle of Kars is a historic fortress that has witnessed centuries of regional power struggles and architectural evolution, reflecting the diverse cultures that have shaped its walls. |
| Kastabala Ancient City: A Historical Site in Modern Turkey | Turkey | City | 4.5 | Low | Kastabala Ancient City offers a glimpse into a city that evolved from the Late Hittite period through Roman and Byzantine times, reflecting diverse cultural and political influences along the Ceyhan … |
| Lampron Fortress: An 11th-Century Armenian Stronghold in Turkey | Turkey | Military | 4.5 | Low | Lampron Fortress, built in the 11th century, served as a key military and noble seat in the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, witnessing diverse rulers and historical events that shaped the region. |
| Letoon Sanctuary: An Ancient Lycian Religious Center in Turkey | Turkey | City | 4.5 | Medium | Letoon Sanctuary was a central religious site for the ancient Lycian civilization, dedicated to the goddess Leto and her children Artemis and Apollo. It played a key role in Lycian culture and govern… |
| Olba: An Ancient City in Modern Turkey with Rich Roman and Byzantine Heritage | Turkey | City | 4.5 | Low | Olba is an ancient city located in present-day Turkey, known for its blend of Roman and Byzantine architecture and its historical role as a religious and administrative center. |
| Telmessos: An Ancient Lycian City in Modern Turkey | Turkey | City | 4.5 | Low | Telmessos, located in present-day Fethiye, Turkey, is an ancient city with roots in the Bronze Age. Known for its diviners and rich cultural history, it played roles in Lycian, Greek, Roman, and Byza… |
| Yoros Castle: A Historic Fortress at the Bosphorus in Turkey | Turkey | Military | 4.5 | Medium | Yoros Castle, located where the Bosphorus meets the Black Sea, has served as a key defensive and trading site through various eras, reflecting a rich blend of cultural and religious influences. |
| Alexandria Troas: An Ancient Greek and Roman City in Turkey | Turkey | City | 4.4 | Low | Alexandria Troas offers a glimpse into a city that thrived as a maritime and cultural center from the Hellenistic through Byzantine periods, reflecting layers of history shaped by Greek, Roman, and e… |
| Kayseri Castle: A Historic Fortress in Turkey | Turkey | Military | 4.4 | High | Kayseri Castle, located in central Turkey, reflects a rich history of Roman, Byzantine, Seljuk, and Ottoman influences, serving as a defensive and communal stronghold through centuries of change. |
| Xanthos: The Ancient Lycian Capital in Türkiye | Turkey | City | 4.4 | Medium | Xanthos, located in southwestern Türkiye, was the capital of ancient Lycia and played a central role in the region's political, religious, and cultural history from the Late Bronze Age through the By… |
| Elaiussa Sebaste: An Ancient City in Cilicia, Turkey | Turkey | City | 4.3 | Medium | Elaiussa Sebaste is an ancient city founded by Greek colonists in the 2nd century BC, later becoming a Roman-influenced capital known for its maritime trade and diverse archaeological remains. |
| Halicarnassus: An Ancient Carian City and Mausoleum Site in Turkey | Turkey | City | 4.3 | Very Low | Halicarnassus, located in modern-day Bodrum, Turkey, was a prominent Carian city known for the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, one of the ancient world's wonders. It reflects a unique blend of Greek and … |
| Allianoi: An Ancient Healing Spa Settlement in Turkey | Turkey | Sanitation | 4 | Very Low | Allianoi was an ancient spa settlement near Bergama, Turkey, known for its thermal springs and role as a center for healing and medical treatment from the Roman through Byzantine periods. |
| Kyzikos: An Ancient City on the Kapıdağ Peninsula in Türkiye | Turkey | City | 3.7 | Medium | Kyzikos was a prominent ancient city controlling key maritime routes between the Aegean and Black Seas. Its long history spans from the Archaic Greek period through Byzantine times, marked by economi… |