Overview of All Rulers of the Cimmerian Bosporus

This page offers a chronological list of Bosporan rulers from the Archaeanactids and Spartocids to the long-lived client-kings under Rome. Reign periods are paired with concise context such as grain trade to the Aegean, relations with Scythians and Sarmatians, coinage reforms, and episodes of Mithridatic and Roman oversight.

Title	Date	Excerpt
Paerisades I: Spartocid King of the Bosporan Kingdom	349–311 BC	Paerisades I ruled the Bosporan Kingdom from circa 342 to 310/9 BC, expanding its influence around the Sea of Azov and engaging in conflicts with neighboring tribes and the Scythians.
Satyrus II and the Bosporan Kingdom	311–310 BC	Satyrus II ruled the Bosporan Kingdom briefly in 310 BC, noted for his military leadership during a dynastic conflict and his death in the Siege of Siracena.
Prytanis and the Bosporan Kingdom: A Historical Overview	310–309 BC	Prytanis ruled the Bosporan Kingdom briefly during a turbulent dynastic conflict in 310-309 BC, marked by civil war and shifting power among royal siblings.
Eumelus of Bosporus: Spartocid Prince and Bosporan King	309–304 BC	Eumelus of Bosporus was a Spartocid prince who secured the Bosporan throne through civil war, enacted military and naval reforms, fought piracy, and expanded his kingdom's influence in the Black Sea region.
Spartocus III and the Bosporan Kingdom	304–284 BC	Spartocus III ruled the Bosporan Kingdom from 304 to 284 BC, notable for adopting the title Basileus and renewing diplomatic and commercial relations with Athens, reflecting the kingdom's Hellenistic connections.
Paerisades II and the Bosporan Kingdom: Historical and Numismatic Insights	284–c. 250 BC	Paerisades II ruled the Bosporan Kingdom from 284 to 245 BC, noted for his diplomatic relations with Hellenistic states and changes in the kingdom's coinage reflecting economic shifts.
Spartocus IV and the Bosporan Kingdom: Insights from the Spartocid Dynasty	c. 250–c. 240 BC	Spartocus IV ruled the Bosporan Kingdom from 245 to 240 BC, known primarily through his coinage and a dramatic dynastic conflict involving his brother and sister-in-law.
Leucon II of Bosporus: Spartocid Ruler and Coinage Innovator on Bosporan Kingdom History	c. 240–210 BC	Leucon II of Bosporus was a ruler who secured power through fratricide and addressed economic challenges by issuing the first Bosporan coins bearing a king's name, marking a notable development in the kingdom's history.
Hygiaenon and the Bosporan Kingdom	c. 210–c. 200 BC	Hygiaenon served as archon of the Bosporan Kingdom around 220 BC, acting as a caretaker leader during a brief succession crisis and supporting the kingdom's heiress Camasarye until her marriage.
Camasarye II Philoctenus: Co-Ruler of the Bosporan Kingdom	c. 180–c. 160 BC	Camasarye II Philoctenus was a Spartocid queen who co-ruled the Bosporan Kingdom in the 2nd century BC, known from inscriptions and honors reflecting her political role and external relations.
Paerisades III and the Bosporan Kingdom: Insights from the Spartocid Dynasty	c. 180–c. 170 BC	Paerisades III ruled the Bosporan Kingdom around 180–150 BC, overseeing a period marked by diplomatic recognition, numismatic developments, and challenges including environmental and military pressures that affected the kingdom's economy and stability.
Paerisades IV Philometor: Spartocid King of the Bosporan Kingdom	c. 170–c. 150 BC	Paerisades IV Philometor ruled the Bosporan Kingdom in the mid-2nd century BC and is primarily known through coinage and inscriptions that shed light on the late Spartocid monarchy.
Paerisades V and the Bosporan Kingdom: A Historical Overview on Ancient Realms	c. 140–111 BC	Paerisades V was the final Spartocid ruler of the Bosporan Kingdom, whose reign ended amid Scythian uprisings and Pontic intervention, marking a pivotal shift in the kingdom's history.
Asander and the Bosporan Kingdom	48–47 BC; 44/43–c. 17 BC	Asander was a Greek-born Roman client king who secured control of the Bosporan Kingdom through military and political means, overseeing important defensive constructions and navigating complex dynastic struggles under Roman influence.
Dynamis and the Bosporan Kingdom: Navigating Power at the Edge of Rome	48–47 BC; 44/43 BC–c. AD 7/8	Dynamis was a queen of the Cimmerian Bosporus who maintained dynastic rule and local authority through strategic alliances and Roman relations during the transition from Republic to Empire. Her reign exemplifies the complexities of client kingship and cultural integration in a frontier kingdom influenced by Greek, Iranian, and steppe traditions.
Mithridates II of the Bosporus: A Brief Caesar-Backed King in Ancient Anatolia	47 BC–44/43 BC	Mithridates II of the Bosporus was an Anatolian nobleman who briefly ruled the Bosporan Kingdom with Julius Caesar's support during the late Roman Republic, reflecting the complex power struggles of the era.
Scribonius: Usurper of the Bosporan Kingdom and Roman Intervention	c. 15 BC	Scribonius briefly seized power in the Bosporan Kingdom in the late 1st century BC, claiming descent from Mithridates VI and triggering Roman involvement that reshaped the kingdom's leadership.
Tiberius Julius Aspurgus Philoromaios: Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom	8/10–38 AD	Tiberius Julius Aspurgus Philoromaios was a Roman client king who ruled the Bosporan Kingdom in the early first century AD, securing dynastic continuity through Roman recognition and establishing the Julian-Tiberian lineage for his successors.
Gepaepyris: Thracian Princess and Roman Client Queen of the Bosporan Kingdom	38–39/40 AD	Gepaepyris was a Thracian princess who ruled the Bosporan Kingdom as a Roman client queen in the 1st century AD, continuing a dynastic legacy through her descendants.
Tiberius Julius Mithridates: Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom	42–46 AD	Tiberius Julius Mithridates ruled the Bosporan Kingdom in the first century AD, exemplifying the complex relationship between local dynasties and Roman imperial authority in the Black Sea region.
Cotys I of the Bosporus: Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom	46–63 AD	Cotys I ruled the Bosporan Kingdom from 45 to 63 AD as a Roman client king, blending local dynastic traditions with Roman imperial authority. His reign highlights the complex political and military relationships on Rome's northeastern frontier and left a lasting dynastic legacy.